Anna Maria

Introduction/Aim: Nursing care constitutes a fundamental determinant of patient outcomes in intensive care units (ICUs); however, the absence of standardised nursing-sensitive indicators constrains the objective evaluation of care quality within this setting. The present study aimed to develop an evidence-informed core set of nursing-sensitive patient outcomes (NSPOs) specific to intensive care nursing. Methods: A Delphi consensus study was conducted between September 2023 and February 2025 at the IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy. The process comprised a preliminary scoping review, followed by two iterative Delphi rounds and a final consensus meeting aimed at refining conceptual domains without modifying item ratings. Thirty-eight ICU nurses evaluated 35 evidence-based NSPOs using a five-point Likert scale. Consensus was defined a priori as ≥75% agreement (scores 4–5), with a minimum response rate of ≥80%. Reliability was assessed using a two-way random-effects Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Results: Fifteen NSPOs achieved the predefined consensus threshold and demonstrated moderate-to-excellent reliability (ICC = 0.65–0.85). The validated core set was organised into four domains—safety, clinical, functional, and perceptual—reflecting both preventive–technical and holistic dimensions of ICU nursing care. Conclusions: This study produced the first ICU-specific evidence-based NSPO core set in Italy, providing a measurable and reproducible framework to support systematic outcome monitoring, and quality improvement in critical care practice.

Vaccines are widely used in both research and clinical settings. To facilitate FAIR data practices, we urgently need to standardize vaccine representation, integrate information across diverse vaccine types, and support computer-assisted reasoning. Accordingly, we have since 2007 developed the community-based Vaccine Ontology (VO), which aligns with the Basic Formal Ontology and adheres to OBO Foundry principles. VO ontologically models vaccines, vaccine components, vaccine immune responses, vaccine investigation studies and other vaccine-related topics. VO represents more than 10,000 vaccines targeting 289 infectious pathogens and cancers in humans and over 30 nonhuman animal species. VO provides mappings to external resources such as RxNorm, CVX, FDA, and USDA. VO facilitates vaccine standardization in resources such as the VIOLIN vaccine database, ImmPort, and the Vaccine Adjuvant Compendium (VAC). VO enables semantic queries on vaccine data. It has been shown to enhance the analysis of experimental and clinical vaccine datasets, as well as vaccine-related literature mining. Overall, VO standardizes vaccine modeling and representation and greatly supports vaccine AI research in the Semantic Web era.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is among the most used plastics in domestic and industrial applications, particularly packaging, food containers and textiles. However, its recalcitrance to decomposition and biodegradation mostly results in landfilling and accumulation of PET waste in the environment if not processed. Chemical recycling of PET via selective depolymerization into its monomers may represent a pivotal step in the development of a truly circular economy of PET, which is still limited by economic and environmental sustainability issues. In this work, the depolymerization of PET is reported using ZnO as an insoluble catalyst, and ethanol as both a lytic agent and green solvent. A detailed investigation of reaction parameters, including reaction temperature, time and catalyst loading, showed that complete conversion of PET to diethyl terephthalate (DET) can be achieved with 92.5% selectivity at 180 °C and 48 h, with the potential for full DET selectivity at longer reaction times. The solid catalyst could be recovered and reused by simple centrifugation, with no loss of conversion or selectivity over three consecutive reuses.

Abstract Background Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer, with a 50% five-year mortality in metastatic or unresectable cases.

Sexual harassment (SH) in academia constitutes a pervasive form of gender-based violence that undermines individual well-being and academic equity. While existing research has largely investigated risk factors, less attention has been paid to protective factors, coping strategies, and the cumulative burden generated by the reporting process itself. This qualitative study explores how victims of SH in Italian universities mobilize resources when disclosing their experiences informally to peers and colleagues or formally through institutional channels and how this process generates extra-fatigue: the cumulative cognitive, emotional, and practical labor victims have to perform as a direct consequence of inadequate institutional responses. Drawing on semi-structured interviews, we employed thematic and dialogical narrative analyses to examine cognitive, emotional, and behavioral coping dimensions. Findings highlight the central role of informal networks in enabling victims to recognize harassment, validate their narratives, and mobilize coping strategies. Trusted colleagues and supportive professors provided cognitive clarity, emotional relief, and practical protection. However, institutional responses were frequently perceived as inadequate or emotionally detached, reinforcing self-doubt and generating significant extra-fatigue to absorb largely alone or through informal support. Understanding extra-fatigue as structurally produced labor, rather than individual fragility, has implications for designing victim-centered institutional responses and structural reform in universities.

ARQ2: Toward Stability-Aware Hybrid Optimization on Complex and Noisy Search Problems

by and Department of Maternal, Infantile and Urological Sciences, La Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy

by add Show full author list Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy

Serine has recently emerged as an important regulator of epidermal cell growth and skin repair, and modulation of serine metabolism through inhibition of Serine Hydroxy-Methyl Transferases (SHMTs) is already known to attenuate the development of skin inflammatory features in vivo. However, the contribution of serine/glycine free diet to inflammatory skin phenotypes, including psoriasis, has not yet been explored. Here, we investigated the role of serine/glycine availability, demonstrating that serine/glycine free diet has an impact on epidermal inflammation. Using a mouse model of inflammation fed either a standard diet or a serine/glycine-deprived diet, followed by topical application of the psoriatic-like inducer IMIQUIMOD (IMQ), we observed a substantial reversal of the IMQ-induced phenotype. This effect was associated with alterations in keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, as well as inflammatory cell infiltration, leading to reduced epidermal thickening, improved skin organization, and a decrease in CD3⁺ T-lymphocyte infiltration. Taken together, our findings expand current knowledge of the interplay between serine metabolism and the development of skin inflammatory features, providing further evidence for a link between amino acid homeostasis and disease progression. This metabolic connection may be exploited to develop alternative therapeutic strategies for the treatment and management of chronic inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis or atopic dermatitis.