Abdul Ahad

UNCCD warns: Overexploitation and climate change have degraded half of natural pasture lands, threatening food supplies and livelihoods.

With over 40% of children under five suffering from stunted growth and 37% of households being declared food insecure, Pakistan is running out of time to address the hunger and malnutrition crises in the country. While a lot can be debated on these figures, it is critical to remember that this number represents real children and adults who need immediate assistance in overcoming their health challenges. It goes to show that almost 1 in every 34 children in Pakistan is in the eye of the malnourishment storm.

This paper investigates the performance of deep neural network (DNN)-based signal detection in multiple input, multiple output (MIMO), communication systems. MIMO technology plays a critical role in achieving high data rates and improved capacity in modern wireless communication standards like 5G. However, signal detection in MIMO systems presents significant challenges due to channel complexities. This study conducts a comparative analysis of signal detection techniques within both the single input, single output (SISO), and MIMO frameworks. The analysis focuses on the entire transmission chain, encompassing transmitters, channels, and receivers. The effectiveness of three traditional methods—maximum likelihood detection (MLD), minimum mean square error (MMSE), and zero-forcing (ZF)—is meticulously evaluated alongside a novel DNN-based approach. The proposed study presents a novel DNN-based signal detection model. While this model demonstrates superior computational efficiency and symbol error rate (SER) performance compared to more conventional techniques like MLD, MMSE, and ZF in the context of a SISO system, MIMO systems face some challenges in outperforming the conventional techniques specifically in terms of computation times. This complexity of MIMO systems presents challenges that the current DNN design has yet to fully address, indicating the need for further developments in wireless communication technology. The observed performance difference between SISO and MIMO systems underscores the need for further research on the adaptability and limitations of DNN architectures in MIMO contexts. These findings pave the way for future explorations of advanced neural network architectures and algorithms specifically designed for MIMO signal-processing tasks. By overcoming the performance gap observed in this work, such advancements hold significant promise for enhancing the effectiveness of DNN-based signal detection in MIMO communication systems.

Open Access Article by Ravi Prakash Babu Kocharla Ravi Prakash Babu Kocharla Scilit Preprints.org

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DHAKA, Sept 10, 2024 (BSS) - Central coordinator of Anti-Discrimination Student Movement Hasanat Abdullah today urged all to work unitedly for reformation of the state.

Objective: To determine the frequency of deliberate self-harm (DSH), risk factors leading to DSH, and the methods adopted by medical students and young doctors to execute DSH.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on medical college students and young doctors aged 18-26 years. After approval by the parent institute’s ethical board, different medical students and doctors from Pakistani medical colleges of both male and female populations were recruited through non-probability sampling. Responses were collected from one to two medical colleges from each province.Results: A high number of 490 (60.9%) out of 805 participants reported a history of at least one form of self-harm. Forty-four participants (0.05%) reported having attempted suicide in the past. The mean scores for the self-harm inventory scale were 2.51±3.25, the self-esteem scale 26.51±4.43, and the social support scale 23.1±6.96. Smoking, recreational drug use, History of mental illness, and family history of mental illness were significantly associated with increased odds of self-harm in medical students. On adjusted binary logistic regression, female gender, harmonious relationship with parents, satisfaction with the result, social support, and higher self-esteem were protective against deliberate self-harm.Conclusion: DSH is a critical issue among medical students and is becoming prevalent. Higher odds of DSH are associated with smoking and recreational drug use. Higher self-esteem and better social support are protective against DSH.

M a t h J a x /jax/input/TeX/config.js

Bindings in SwiftUI allow you to establish a two-way connection between a view and its data source. This ensures that any changes made to…

SwiftUI’s environment is a powerful feature that makes the code compact and efficient by allowing values to be shared throughout the view…