Arpita Mukherjee

Background The global outbreak of COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 has led to millions of deaths. This unanticipated emergency has prompted virologists across the globe to delve deeper into the intricate dynamicity of the host-virus interface with an aim to identify antiviral targets and elucidate host and viral determinants of severe disease. Aim The present study was undertaken to analyse the role of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in regulating SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results Gradual increase in HDAC6 expression was observed in different SARS-CoV-2-permissive cell lines following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (N protein) was identified as the primary viral factor responsible for upregulating HDAC6 expression. Downregulation of HDAC6 using shRNA or a specific inhibitor tubacin resulted in reduced viral replication suggesting proviral role of its deacetylase activity. Further investigations uncovered the interaction of HDAC6 with stress granule protein G3BP1 and N protein during infection. HDAC6-mediated deacetylation of SARS-CoV-2 N protein was found to be crucial for its association with G3BP1. Conclusion This study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the disruption of cytoplasmic stress granules during SARS-CoV-2 infection and highlights the significance of HDAC6 in the process.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are the backbone of most of the Asia-Pacific member countries, accounting for around 90% of businesses and over

As consumers across the world embrace e-commerce businesses, OSA has become extremely critical in the current and future online markets. With the latest

India is both a leading producer and exporter of agri-food products as well as the world's sixth largest food and grocery market. Agriculture in general, therefore, and agri-food products in particular, is key to India achieving high inclusive growth as well, generating employment and attracting investment. However, India today faces several challenges related to sustainability across the entire food supply chain – farm-to-fork – ranging from fragmented supply chains, lack of storage facilities, rejection of food products by key importing markets, high use of pesticides, poor quality of inputs and significant food loss and waste. While India has been able to meet food security, the country has not achieved nutrition security and is suffering from both malnourishment and over-nutrition related illnesses. Yet, there is no vision document or roadmap to achieve a sustainable food system. There are also limited discussions on how sustainable food systems should be addressed under India's trade agreements.

This quote rightly describes how small retailers that are going through digital transformation. As small these companies pass through the digital world it becomes obvious that their existence relies on the ability of them to adapt to the fast and steady changes in the world. Digital commerce as a Service (DCaaS) appears to be a great facilitator in this perspective by providing personalized solutions that deal with the obstacles encountered by the smallest retailers.

The Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, which accounts for over 50 per cent of the world's population and over 35 per cent of the world's gross domestic product (GDP), is one of the fastest growing regions in the world. The region is growing at higher than the global growth rate and is expected to continue on a high growth trajectory. With high economic growth, the APAC region has become the largest e-commerce market in the world. The e-commerce sector in APAC was valued at US$2.9 trillion in 2022 and is projected to reach at value of US$6.146 trillion by 2030, accounting for a share of more than half the global retail e-commerce market. Rapid urbanisation, along with rise in incomes and technological developments (such as 4IR technologies), have led to the growth of e-commerce in the region. A policy push towards digitalisation by key countries and the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has further facilitated the growth of e-commerce in this region with consumers and micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) increasingly using e-commerce platforms. Producers and exporters are now using e-commerce platforms to enhance their global reach. In many countries, governments have come up with initiatives to support the use of e-commerce platforms by MSMEs for exports.

Some states like Tamil Nadu and Odisha are already including eggs in their mid-day meals. Other states should also look at options to use public procurement programmes to address diseases like Vitamin D deficiency. Guidelines need more stakeholder consultation

Arpita Mukherjee, a prime accused in the case was granted five-day parole following the death of her mother last Thursday. The Enforcement Directorate (ED) had arrested Mukherjee, who was a close associate of former West Bengal education minister Partha Chatterjee, who still in judicial custody. The duo were arrested on the same day on July 23, 2022. Since her arrest, Arpita had been serving judicial custody like her mentor Partha Chatterjee.

This paper is authored by Dr. Arpita Mukherjee, Ketaki Gaikwad, Anushka Pal, ICRIER.

This paper is authored by Arpita Mukherjee, Ketaki Gaikwad, Aahana Srishti, ICRIER.