Manoj Kumar

Koderma : District administration has initiated a novel approach to enhance student confidence ahead of JAC board examinations scheduled in Feb.

The present manuscript describes the fabrication of microcrystalline silicon (µc-Si) thin films at room temperature using the ionized physical vapor deposition (iPVD) process. The iPVD chamber incorporates a planar DC magnetron and an additional RF coil to generate an intermediate dense plasma region between the target and the substrate. The intermediate dense plasma enhances the ionization of sputtered neutral Si atoms before deposition in the iPVD process. This process greatly impacts the structural, morphological, and optical characteristics of the Si thin films. X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveals that conventional PVD produces an amorphous Si thin film, while iPVD yields a µc-Si thin film with peaks at 28.5° and 47.3°, corresponding to the (111) and (220) planes of Si. Raman spectroscopy confirms the microcrystalline nature of the Si thin film, showing approximately 70% crystallinity in the iPVD process. FESEM images display a granular structure for PVD and a cauliflower-like structure for the iPVD process. AFM images indicate a significant reduction in surface roughness for iPVD films compared to the PVD process. UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy shows that the optical band gap (Eg) decreases from (1.7 ± 0.08) eV to (1.4 ± 0.05) eV while shifting from the PVD to iPVD process.

India plans to increase spending for the agriculture sector by about 15% to around $20 billion in next month's budget, two government sources said, marking the biggest increase in six years, as it tries to boost rural incomes and curb inflation. The additional cash would be directed to developing high-yielding seed varieties, increasing storage and supply infrastructure, and boosting production of pulse crops, oilseeds, vegetables, and dairy products, the sources said. India's finance and agriculture ministries did not respond to emails seeking comments.

The second T20 match between India and England will be played at MA Chidambaram Stadium in Chennai. This match will start at 7 pm, and the live telecast can be

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Indian stock exchanges will remain operational on Saturday, February 1, 2025, as Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman presents the Union Budget for the financial year 2025-26 in Parliament. This special trading session is aimed at giving investors an opportunity to respond to budget announcements in real-time, as these announcements often have significant implications on various sectors and companies.

Ahead of the high-stakes January 30 mayoral elections in Chandigarh, the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) and Congress have moved their councillors to resorts in Punjab, an AAP-ruled state, to avoid poaching attempts.

Syrma SGS Technology , a prominent player in the Electronic System Design & Manufacturing sector, experienced a significant milestone as its stock hit the 20% upper circuit on January 29, 2025.

The high stakes Chandigarh mayoral election will take place at 11 am on Thursday in the Municipal Corporation's Assembly Hall with results to be announced right away.