Robert Scott

All writers in Op Ed are here to inform and acknowledge issues of importance to our communities, however these writings represent the views and opinions of the authors and not necessarily of The Advertiser

It's frightening how quickly time flies. It only seems like yesterday we were planting spring crops, and we're already ordering summer seed, trying to second guess new season fertiliser prices and negotiate straw deals.

All writers in Op Ed are here to inform and acknowledge issues of importance to our communities, however these writings represent the views and opinions of the authors and not necessarily of The Advertiser

We haven't started harvest yet. It has been a much slower start here in Norfolk than in the past few years.

Abstract Bacillus thuringiensis subs. kurstaki (Btk) is a widely used bio-lepidoptericide for controlling pest insect populations.

A deep understanding of data breach litigation is a critical component in developing the most effective data protection strategies.

Harvest has progressed well here in west Norfolk, although it has been slightly delayed, with crops slower to mature than in recent years.

September has nearly concluded and, like most of you, we haven’t had a chance to take a breath since harvest. In the past few weeks, we have established

October started with a first for me, presenting to other farmers about my farming system.

A state-of-the-art multi-omics approach was applied to improve our understanding of the aetio-pathogenesis of a highly prevalent, performance-limiting disorder of racehorses: mild-to-moderate equine asthma (MMEA). This is a prerequisite to improving prophylactic, management, and therapeutic options for this condition. Although a number of risk factors have been identified, options for intervention are limited. This study applied a multi-omic approach to reveal key inflammatory pathways involved in inflammatory cell recruitment to the lower airways and highlight distinct MMEA inflammatory profiles. We compared bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell gene and protein expression data from horses with non-inflammatory BALF cytology with those isolated from horses with neutrophilic, mastocytic, mixed neutrophilic/mastocytic, and eosinophilic/mastocytic inflammation. The analyses on transcriptomic/proteomic data derived from BALF from horses with neutrophilic cytology showed enrichment in classical inflammatory pathways, and horses with mastocytic inflammation showed enrichment in pathways involved in hypersensitivity reactions related to nonclassical inflammation potentially mimicking a Th2-immune response. The mixed eosinophilic/mastocytic group also presented with a nonclassical inflammatory profile, whereas the mixed neutrophilic/mastocytic group revealed profiles consistent with both neutrophilic inflammation and hypersensitivity. Our adopted multi-omics approach provided a holistic assessment of the immunological status of the lower airways associated with the different cytological profiles of equine asthma.