Shakeel Ahmad

The widespread use of plastics has caused severe environmental pollution, driving interest in biodegradable alternatives like polylactic acid (PLA).

In the vibrant city of Oakland, a transformative initiative is …

Post Views: Your roof is one of the most important parts of your home, protecting it from rain, snow, wind, and sun. Over time, even the best roofs wear down.

Shakeel Ahmad, a former AICC general secretary, has resigned from the Congress party. He cited humiliation faced by senior leaders and serious mismanagement during the Bihar election. Ahmad stated that surviving in the party without facing humiliation is very difficult for experienced leaders. He questioned whether the Congress leadership will conduct introspection on these issues.

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Rabri Devi will not vacate her residence, says Bihar RJD chief

Post Views: Tanzania is a very beautiful country. Many people love going there for safari. Also, Mount Kilimanjaro is the biggest mountain in Africa.

A dual atom regulation strategy coupled with anionic defect engineering is shown to be highly effective for tuning the electronic structure and improving the electrochemical behaviour of layered double hydroxides (LDHs). Herein, we present a precisely engineered ytterbium (Yb)doped NiCo-LDH nanocomposite whe

The seasonal availability of airborne ascospores of Venturia inaequalis is a key determinant of primary apple scab infections, and mechanistic models describing ascospore maturation are widely used in disease forecasting systems. However, the applicability of such models under climatic conditions different from those for which they were originally developed remains insufficiently evaluated. This study presents a field evaluation of the climatic transferability of the Proportion of Ascospores capable of becoming Airborne (PAT) based ascospore maturation model proposed by Rossi et al. in 2000, under the temperate Himalayan conditions of Jammu and Kashmir, India. The original model structure and equations were retained and applied using hourly meteorological data (air temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and leaf wetness) collected over six consecutive seasons (2020–2025). Model outputs describing ascospore maturation and discharge dynamics were evaluated against independent field observations of airborne V. inaequalis ascospores obtained using a volumetric spore trap. Validation was conducted using event-based biological validation and statistical goodness-of-fit metrics. The model consistently reproduced the timing of ascospore availability, the accelerated maturation phase, and the exhaustion of the primary ascospore pool. Approximately 90% of observed ascospore release events occurred within model-predicted release-favourable windows. Statistical evaluation of maturation trajectories showed excellent agreement between predicted and observed dynamics (R2 ≈ 0.99; CCC = 0.96 -1.00). These results demonstrate that the PAT-based ascospore maturation model retains its predictive capability under temperate Himalayan conditions with little parameter calibration and is suitable for supporting regionally adapted apple scab disease warning systems.