Abdul Rahim

Background: Ischemic stroke poses significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment, necessitating efficient and accurate methods for assessing collateral circulation, a critical determinant of patient prognosis. Manual classification of collateral circulation in ischemic stroke using traditional imaging techniques is labor-intensive and prone to subjectivity. This study presented the automated classification of collateral circulation patterns in cone-beam CT (CBCT) images, utilizing the VGG11 architecture. Methods: The study utilized a dataset of CBCT images from ischemic stroke patients, accurately labeled with their respective collateral circulation status. To ensure uniformity and comparability, image normalization was executed during the preprocessing phase to standardize pixel values to a consistent scale or range. Then, the VGG11 model is trained using an augmented dataset and classifies collateral circulation patterns. Results: Performance evaluation of the proposed approach demonstrates promising results, with the model achieving an accuracy of 58.32%, a sensitivity of 75.50%, a specificity of 44.10%, a precision of 52.70%, and an F1 score of 62.10% in classifying collateral circulation patterns. Conclusions: This approach automates classification, potentially reducing diagnostic delays and improving patient outcomes. It also lays the groundwork for future research in using deep learning for better stroke diagnosis and management. This study is a significant advancement toward developing practical tools to assist doctors in making informed decisions for ischemic stroke patients.

We report an experimental study on the pressure field changes caused by the transverse spinning of a cricket ball in a wind tunnel. The study focuses on modern cricket techniques where bowlers deliver the ball with near-horizontal arms. Using a wake survey rake pressure measurement system and simultaneous traversal-imaging methodology, the study investigates pressure changes at constant Reynolds number and varying spin parameters. Key findings include the expansion and intensification of low-pressure zones near the ball when spin is applied, with these zones shifting and diminishing downstream. At higher spin rates, a persistent bi-lobed low-pressure zone is observed. The results align with Magnus effect theories and provide valuable insights for improving unconventional bowling techniques in cricket.

Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

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Due to the effects of swing motion, the performances and internal flow characteristics of marine centrifugal pump undergo some unsteady variations in the marine environment. The hydraulic test system with six degree of freedom parallel motion platform is established to study the pump performance characteristics at the different heel angles of steady roll position and pitch position. The pump head gradually decreases as heel angle increases. The pump head has decreased by 7% to reach the minimum at the 15° heel angle of roll position. At the same heel angle, the head at the roll position is lower than that at the pitch position under the rated flow condition. The fluid in the impeller passage is subjected to the additional inertial force of roll motion or pitch motion under unsteady swing motion, inducing some flow bias phenomena in the velocity field. The unsteady development of flow velocity induces the intense vortex motion, and the shedding and dissipation of interblade vortices are affected. The periodic flow-induced pulsation characteristics obviously appear in the impeller passage. The pulsation periodicity and pressure amplitude are influenced due to the swing motion. The pitch motion induces the greater hydraulic excitation and fluid-induced vibration amplitude. In addition to the pressure pulsation at the low frequencies, the pulsation amplitude at 20 times the shaft frequency is evident under pitch motion.

This study presents a comprehensive optimization of algal oil extraction and transesterification for sustainable biodiesel production. Freshwater Spirogyra algae underwent Soxhlet extraction using n-hexane. response surface methodology (RSM), principal component analysis (PCA), and multivariate regression analysis (MRA) were employed to investigate the effects of biomass–solvent ratio (BSR), algae particle size (APS), and extraction-contact time (E-CT) on algal oil yield (AOY). The extracted oil was then converted to biodiesel via transesterification, and the impacts of the methanol–oil ratio (MOR) and transesterification-contact time (T-CT) on biodiesel conversion efficiency (BCE) were analyzed. Results demonstrate that optimal BSR, APS, and E-CT for maximal AOY are 1:7, 400 µm, and 3–4 h, respectively. For transesterification, a MOR of 12:1 and a T-CT of 4 h yielded the highest BCE. Predictive models exhibited exceptional accuracy, with R

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Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

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