Juan Manuel

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Large-scale multiancestry genome-wide association studies have identified hundreds of loci associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and glycemic

In this article, we present the impact evaluation of Irûmi, an educational robot-based intervention aimed at developing second-grade students' computational thinking (CT) skills in Paraguay. Our results indicate that the program had an effect of 0.089 standard deviations on the students' CT skills, focusing on abilities such as abstraction, algorithmic thinking, and evaluation. These findings suggest that with age-appropriate instructional design, young children could develop CT skills, and that smart devices and electronic toys can contribute to their development. Beyond its effects on CT skills, Irûmi generated additional benefits for students. In particular, it increased preferences for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)-related toys and promoted greater gender flexibility regarding who can play with them, particularly among girls, while improvements in attitudes toward technology were observed for both boys and girls. In addition to its impact on students, the intervention also affected teachers who implemented the activities. First, Irûmi increased the likelihood that teachers would use educational technology in the classroom, including devices not explicitly provided by the program. Second, the program contributed to the development of teachers’ CT skills, possibly due to the novelty of the curriculum and methodology in the Paraguayan context. Third, Irûmi may have increased teachers’ motivation to use technology, thereby strengthening their positive attitudes toward its integration into teaching. Our study contributes to the literature by focusing on a middle-income country, using an experimental design with pre- and post-intervention measures and a large sample of students, and analyzing the impact on both students and teachers.

Rajesh Kumar Claudio Sanchez Juan Manuel Castillo Jian-Guo Li Bijoy Thompson Pratiman Patel Alvin Ng

This study investigated the combined effect of grafting onto drought-tolerant rootstocks and inoculation with the endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica on drought tolerance and fruit quality in tomato.

Relapse remains the leading cause of treatment failure in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL), highlighting the need for biomarkers and therapeutic targets that limit leukaemic dissemination.

O-mannosylation is an important protein modification in eukaryotes that is initiated by an evolutionarily conserved family of protein O-mannosyltra...

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Background Three-dimensional genome organization is maintained in part by chromatin insulators, DNA–protein complexes that create boundaries between active and inactive chromatin and regulate enhancer-promoter interactions. In Drosophila, the Homing insulator at eve (Homie) sequence prevents repressive Polycomb (PcG) chromatin at even-skipped (eve) from spreading into the neighboring essential gene, TER94. The exact mechanisms controlling Homie barrier activity are understudied. Results Here, use of an in vivo reporter assay identified the requirement of the hnRNP M homolog, Rumpelstiltskin (Rump), for Homie barrier activity. Interestingly, Rump depletion resulted in no changes to chromatin insulator protein binding at Homie but extensive chromatin association changes to the Polycomb response element (PRE)-associated protein Crooked legs (Crol) at Crol-bound PREs. Furthermore, global chromatin association changes were detected for a subset of Polycomb repressive complex 1 and 2 (PRC1 and PRC2) components. Finally, we observed increased cis-compaction at Polycomb domains genome-wide including eve and increased distances between eve and other Polycomb domains in trans after Rump depletion. Conclusions These data identify Rump as a novel regulator of Homie barrier activity and suggest a regulatory role of Rump for both cis and trans interactions of PcG proteins. Importantly, this regulatory role likely helps to maintain Homie barrier activity independently of chromatin insulator proteins.

To evaluate the impact of early dynamic changes in immunological variables—IL-6, IL-10, CD4 + T cells, and CD8 + T cells—measured at days 1–3, 5–7, and