Keith A.

Here the authors show that tissue-resident memory and exhausted T cells in tumors are distinct populations that are shaped by relative presence or absence of TCR signals, suggesting that a tailored therapeutic strategy is needed to target each subset.

Men undergoing cancer therapy are at risk of treatment-related infertility, which can negatively affect quality of life. Although fertility preservation (FP) is routinely recommended for men of reproductive age who are diagnosed with cancer, less is known about how they navigate these decisions or what informational and emotional supports they require across the diagnosis–treatment–survivorship trajectory. We conducted a qualitative secondary analysis of a subset of data from a broader study of cancer and FP decision-making. In-depth interviews with 12 men who had undergone fertility-threatening cancer treatments and had experienced FP were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Participants reported gaps in clear, timely and practical information, including costs, clinic access, sperm storage and future use. Men and their partners described feelings of fear, uncertainty and diminished control, especially when decisions had to be made quickly, before treatment began. Their choices were influenced not only by clinical advice but also by social expectations related to masculinity. Structural/logistical barriers such as diagnostic uncertainty, illness severity and poorly coordinated care pathways further undermined their agency and contributed to distress. These findings indicate that men’s experience of FP is not a straightforward medical procedure but a complex and ongoing process with logistical, informational and psychosocial challenges. Integrating organized counselling and continuous emotional support into oncology care may reduce distress and enhance decision-making processes.

Background and ObjectivesLow circulating vitamin D in later life has been associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment and clinical dementia. However, whether serum vitamin D in early midlife is associated with neuroimaging markers of ...

Despite considerable interest in using stable-hydrogen isotope ratio (δD) measurements in ecological research, it was previously unknown whether hy...

Background and ObjectivesDespite a well-established amyloid-tau neurodegeneration cascade in Alzheimer disease (AD), the extent and mechanistic relevance of tau pathology in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), a disease of vascular amyloid deposition, ...

Embedding a small fraction of force-sensitive mechanophores as cross-links into common polymers enhances ballistic energy dissipation.

A global international initiative, such as the Earth BioGenome Project (EBP), requires both agreement and coordination on standards to ensure that ...

Hong–Ou–Mandel (HOM) dip from a biphoton source in a two-photon interferometer provides a myriad of quantum tools for quantum communication and sensing. But the stringent requirements for spatial coherence between the photon pair makes it prohibitively difficult to observe high-fidelity HOM dip in long-distance free-space implementations, e.g., for the photon pairs involved in quantum communication need to match the two path lengths within a few 10 s of micron because of the short coherence width of the two-photon wave-packet. While many techniques for the pathlength balancing of two interferometric arms have been studied and applied extensively, such balancing is further complicated in presence of turbulence in long-distance free-space propagation. On a table-top testbed with each arm of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) $$\sim 10$$ ∼ 10 -meter long in our turbulent atmospheric simulator for qubit (TASQ), we have employed below-threshold lasers to achieve classical low-coherence interferometry and show that we could narrow down the interrogation window for the pathlength balancing to obtain interference peak at the center. This method allowed us to reduce the interrogation distance for searching the HOM dip by four orders of magnitude, i.e., from tens of centimeters to a few tens of micron. Such pathlength balancing allowed realizing the HOM dip within $$160\,\upmu \textrm{m}$$ 160 μ m distance from the peak of the classical interference fringe. This technique could be helpful in a wide variety of long-pathlength interference-based quantum sensing.

Increasing our understanding of Earth’s biodiversity and responsibly stewarding its resources are among the most crucial scientific and social chal...