Matthew S.

Abstract Konzo is a neglected paralytic neurological disease associated with food (cassava) poisoning that affects the world's poorest

Abstract The Southern Ocean ecosystem has undergone extensive changes in the past two centuries driven by industrial sealing and whaling, climate change and commercial fishing.

The exceptional properties of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as contrast agent at ultra-low field were demonstrated in rodent MRI through organ and vascular imaging.

The choice between the Schrödinger and Heisenberg pictures can significantly impact the computational resources needed to solve a problem, even though they are equivalent formulations of quantum mechanics. Here, we present a method for analysing Bosonic quantum circuits based on the Heisenberg picture which allows, under certain conditions, a useful factoring of the evolution into signal and noise contributions, similar way to what can be achieved with classical communication systems. We provide examples which suggest that this approach may be particularly useful in analysing quantum computing systems based on the Gottesman–Kitaev–Preskill (GKP) qubits.

Hubbs-SeaWorld Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92109, USA Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Fishes

Candrea et al. develop a brain-computer interface click detection algorithm using electrocorticographic signals. Using this click detector, a clinical trial participant with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis was able to control a switch-scanning spelling application and achieve high rates of spelling without model retraining.

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA

Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Northeast Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S.

Targeting tumor-specific molecular alterations has shown significant clinical benefit. Molecular tumor boards (MTBs) connect cancer patients with personalized treatments and clinical trials. However, rural cancer centers often have limited access to MTB expertise. We established an academic–community partnership expanding our academic MTB to affiliated rural community cancer centers. We developed a centralized molecular registry of tumors (MRT) to aggregate the comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) results and facilitate multidisciplinary MTB review. Of the 151 patients included, 87 (58%) had actionable genomic biomarkers, 42 (28%) were eligible for a targeted off-label therapy, and 27 (18%) were matched to a clinical trial. Of those with a clinical trial match, only 1 of 27 (3%) was enrolled in the identified trial. One year into implementation, community oncology providers were anonymously surveyed on persistent barriers to precision treatment utilization. The primary barriers to clinical trial enrollment were the distance to the trial center (70%), lack of transportation (55%), and lack of local trials (50%). This study offers a framework to improve access to molecular expertise, but significant barriers to the equitable use of CGP and trial enrollment persist.

Antibiotic resistance is a global healthcare crisis. Bacteria are highly adaptable and can rapidly acquire mechanisms of resistance towards conventional antibiotics. The permeability barrier conferred by the Gram-negative bacteria cell envelope constitutes a first line of defence against the action of antibiotics. Exposure to extracytoplasmic stresses can negatively affect cell envelope homoeostasis and this causes localised protein misfolding, compromised envelope integrity and impairs barrier function. The CpxA-CpxR two-component regulatory system has evolved to sense extracytoplasmic stresses and to regulate processes that restore homoeostasis of the cell envelope. Hence, controlled Cpx-signalling assists bacteria in adapting, surviving and proliferating in harsh environments, including exposure to antibiotics. Herein, we determined that an intact Cpx-signalling is key to maintaining the Yersinia pseudotuberculosis resistance to colistin and polymyxin B. The susceptibility displayed by Cpx-signalling defective mutants, correlated with cell-envelope deformity and specific modifications of Lipid-A. In vivo transcriptional analysis and in vitro protein-DNA binding studies demonstrated that these modifications were dependent on the direct regulation of Lipid-A biogenesis and modifications of operons by the active phosphorylated CpxR~P isoform. Altogether, our work defines the regulatory mechanism that enables Cpx-signalling to actively control cell envelope remodelling and the permeability of antibiotics in the clinically relevant enteropathogen Y. pseudotuberculosis.