Mukesh Kumar

The introduction of a high-volume automation platform is transforming the processing of withholding tax certificates in Latin America, reducing manual workload and errors, particularly benefiting global enterprises operating in diverse jurisdictions.

Key Takeaways A withholding tax certificate should be the easy part of tax compliance: a simple proof that vendors and authorities can trust the numbers.

As a student, I’ve spent the last year building bots simple, linear code that does exactly what I...

Substituted chromeno[4,3-b]quinolines are an important class of moieties due to their activity and pharmaceutical relevance. A simple and efficient one-pot three-component protocol has been developed for the synthesis of diverse 6-aryl substituted 6H-chromeno[4,3-b]quinoline derivatives from aromatic anilines, sali

The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals, SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production, and SDG 13: Climate Action highlight the importance of environmental conservation and reducing pesticide use. Early and accurate pest identification is essential for implementing targeted pest control measures, which helps reduce unnecessary and incorrect pesticide use. While effective pest recognition and classification are crucial for ecological research and biodiversity conservation, traditional methods remain labor-intensive, time-consuming, and dependent on experts. Several deep learning techniques have been introduced in recent years, leading to more efficient and accurate identification and classification of crop pests. This research presents a structurally adapted DenseNet model for multi-class pest image classification based on dense connections. The model is fine-tuned through hyperparameters involving dense blocks and transition layers to perform consistently across three different datasets, including the IP102 dataset, which contains over 75,000 images of 102 pest species. The study also addresses dataset imbalance to prevent biased outcomes by deep learning models. The proposed structurally adapted model for fine-grained classification achieves 82.69% accuracy and 81.45% F1 score on the IP102 dataset, complementing existing advanced methods.

Kinnow mandarin production in arid regions is constrained by water-deficit and micronutrient imbalances, particularly iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn). This study evaluated the effects of Fe and Zn deficiency (Fe- and Zn-) and toxicity (Fe + and Zn+) under water-deficit conditions. Eight treatments, including individual and combined Fe/Zn deficiencies and toxicities along with control were assessed under pot conditions. Results revealed that water-deficit combined with Fe and Zn deficiency significantly reduced plant growth, biomass, leaf area, relative water content and chlorophyll concentrations. These effects were more severe under combined deficiencies compared to their individual deficiencies. In contrast, Fe and Zn toxicity enhanced vegetative traits such as leaf area and sprout length but induced abnormal morphogenesis, such as enlarged thorns and water sprouts. Root traits also showed sensitivity to nutrient treatments. Root length and root-shoot ratio increased under Zn toxicity, while specific root length was more severely affected by micronutrients deficiency. Leaf analysis exhibited treatment specific variations, indicating disrupted uptake. Nitrogen and potassium decreased under Fe-Zn deficiency, while phosphorus increased under Zn deficiency but decreased under Zn toxicity. The findings of the study revealed that Fe and Zn status influenced plant performance and nutrient balance under water-deficit conditions, highlighting the importance of balanced micronutrients management in citrus cultivation.

In urban India, soaring property prices outpace middle-class salaries. This forces buyers into smaller suburban homes, long commutes, and heavy, decades-long loan burdens despite government aid.

Background: Tracheal extubation is associated with significant airway and hemodynamic responses, which may be detrimental in neurosurgical patients. Dexmedetomidine, a selective α₂-adrenergic agonist, has been shown to attenuate these responses without causing respiratory depression. This study aimed to compare two infusion doses of dexmedetomidine for attenuation of stress responses during extubation.Methods: Ninety ASA I-II patients (ages 18-65) undergoing neurosurgery were enrolled in this double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Patients were divided into three groups: Group D1 was administered dexmedetomidine 0.4 µg/kg, Group D2 was administered 0.6 µg/kg, and Group C was administered normal saline. The study drug was infused over 20 minutes prior to extubation. Hemodynamic parameters, extubation quality, emergence time, and adverse effects were recorded and analyzed.Results: Dexmedetomidine significantly reduced heart rate as well as mean arterial pressure compared to control during extubation and after extubation (p < 0.05). Extubation quality was significantly improved in Group D2 (1.8 ± 0.88) and Group D1 (2.5 ± 1.01) compared to Group C (3.47 ± 1.25) (p = 0.002). Sedation scores were higher in dexmedetomidine groups without respiratory compromise. Emergence and extubation times were slightly prolonged but not statistically significant. Bradycardia and hypotension were more frequent in Group D2, while breath-holding was significantly reduced in the dexmedetomidine groups.Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine effectively attenuates extubation-related stress responses in neurosurgical patients. The 0.4 µg/kg dose provides an optimal balance between efficacy and safety, whereas the 0.6 µg/kg dose offers smoother extubation with a slightly higher incidence of manageable adverse effects.